Method of making vulcanized-rubber articles.



HABBY G. BLANCHARD, or NEW Yoan, N. Y., ann rannte nunsrnn, or CLEVELAND,

AOHIO, ASSIGNORS TO THE MECHANICAL .RUBBER CCMPNY, A CORPORATION 0F I NEW JERSEY. l

METHOD or MAKING vuLcANrzED-RUBBER narrows.

-Specicaters Patent. i Paigengd July-11, 1916.

Application ala october 14, 1914.v serial No. 866,708.

T o all ulwm t lmay concern Be it known that we, HARRY G. BLANCH-v ARD, a citizen 'of the United States, residing in the city of New lYork, county and State of N ew York, and FRANK DUESLER, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Cleveland, county of Cuyahoga, andState of Olii'o, haveinvented certain new .and useful Improvements in the Method of Making Vulcanized-Rubber Articles, .of which the following is a full, clear, and exact disclosure.

Our invention'relates to that class of articles which are composed of a. wall or body ot` vulcanized l rubber compositions with or Without an outer cover o'r jacket of another material such as braided or woven fabric.

' Our invention applies particularly to hollow articles such as tubing which is intended airfrom a pump or tank to a. pneumatic aufor use where comparatively high' pressures f are employed in conducting a liquid or gas from one point to another, such as supplying tomobile tire.

The object of our invention is to produce an article which will v'be strong enough'to `withstand the pressures desired and which will also` be durable and at the same time flexible and elastic.

- posing such jacket.

Heretofore, particularly in the manu-facture of tubingl of the 'class described, ditliculty has been encountered in obtaining good exterior vulcanization and the necessary adhesion between the 'rubber of the inner tube and the fabric envelop or jacket and in ob'- taining an even tension on the thread com Briefly stated our invention comprises the forming or molding an article of unvulcanized rubber stock and then vulcanizingthe' same by submitting one side, lsuch as the in -l terior tothe actionfof heat carried by one kind of a, conductive medium, and the other side, such as the outside, to a different heat conductive or conveying medium. In the case of tubing made from unvulcanized rub- 'ber stock, it comprises braiding kor otherwise forming an outer cover or jacket on the formed tubing stock, supplying the interior of thel tubing with a fluid heat conductive medium under the requisite pressure and in surrounding the tubing during Vulcanization by a dry heat conveying medium.'

The accompanying drawingsillustrate one form of apparatus which may be used in carrylng out the vulcanization of the hose made Vin'accordance with these drawings.

upon whichrests a pan 5 in which the hose" 6 tol be vulcanized is coiled. Projecting through the sides of the shell l, so that their' ends' are located slightly above the pan 5,l

are two pipes 7 and 8, the, ends or'v which -are adapted to be connected with the hose 6 and through which a suitable vulcanizing me- .dium is supplied. These pipes may be provided with the usual pressure gage 9 and cocks'or valves 10 and l1.

In detail, the tubing is first .formed by hand or by the use of a tube-drawing ma chine as is well known in the art. I This tubing is preferably formed in lengths of about 4live hundred feet. The tubing is then sealed or closed. at one end and a slight air atmospheric pressure applied to the other end which is sufficient to slightly distend the ltubing so as to prevent collapsing duringlater handling.

The article is then covered with the required coating or covering and in the case of tubing, it is placed in a suitable braiding or weaving machine. and the outer lcover or jacket is braided or woven about the outersurface thereof. The tubing thus prepared is then coiled in the pans and placed in the heater or Vulcanizer, each end of the tubing'being connected by the pipes 7 and 8 passing through the sides of the vulcanizer with a' supply, of fluid medium under pressure and a suitable cock, re-

spectively. A dry'vulcanizing agent, such as dry air, is then-supplied in the space about the tubing within the vulcanizer, the same being heated by the pipes 2 or in any other suitable way to the requisite temperature to produce the required vulcanization. rlhe said cock permits the operator to ascertain'.

whether the medium, such as live steam or Water has' completely filled the tubing and 'also to maintain an even pressure throughout thelengthr of the tubing. The tubing is 3W process by'reason of the i be utilized by those skil mediums above cement or some other adhesive.

' was greater on' the interior and vulcanized rubber stock, treating cured or vulcanized in the vuleani'zer the time required for-a particular-`rubber stock and at their necessary internal and external temperature producedv lby the .vulcanizing referred to. .l Heretofore in' the manufacture of rubber tubing, such as jacketedhose,V the usual practice has been to formthe interior of the hoseout of rubber stock yand then partially vulcanize the same. The jacket is then ap- 'plied by being braided or Woven about the partially vulcanized tube and caused to adhere theretol by "the application of rubber ortube was then vcompletely Ivulcanized by hav'ing steam admitted tothe interior there* of ivhile the outside of the hose was simply' exposed to the open air without any vulcanizing 'medium surrounding the same. This method .of manufacture produced 1n many instances a poor adhesion between vthe fabric and.. the. rubber, and also prevented the stra-irisY being evened up before. the vubvcanization took place. For the use of our improved method these .disadvantages are eliminated .beca-use'the exterior and the interior of the tubing the same vulcanizingjetlect, a-nd` the rubber stock being unvulcanized is allowed to soften and under the pressure of the interior. is allowed to flow into the intersti'ces between the' threadsl or strands' of the jacket.-

fu'rther advantage arises from our improved i fact that the vulcanizing 'medium produces'. the 'same external and internal temperature; whereas', in the previous method the v'ulcanization less on the .exterior surfaceof-the inner tube 'Where it contacts with the fab-rio jacket. `Thus it will be seenl that our'improved method results in the production of a hose o r tubing which is superior i'n several. particulars over those previously produced by other methods.

'We do not Wish our invention to ,be un.

derstood as being limited to the manufacture of articles herein mentioned nor tothe details or steps mentioned,vfor the same may ed in the manufacture of a great variety of objects or articles Where it is advantageous to submit one portion or side thereof to onekind of 4Vulcanization and another sideor portion to another kind.v

Having thus described ourinventiomvvhat We claim and desire to protect by Let-ters Patent is:

1. Themethod of making rubber articles which comprises forming the article lof `unone por- 'tionl or surface thereof with a vaporable fluid medium and treating another portion or surface thereof with another fluid heat conveying medium of dilierent character.

2. The method of making rubber articles rll`he hose of unvulcanized rubber' stock,

are both 'submitted to c Aart in the 1 .thereof of unvnlcanized Hating the sameto prevent collapsing, formmeneer which comprises forming the. article of. un.- 'vulcanized' rubber 4stock,4 treating one portion or surface thereof with a vaporons' heat carrying medium and another portion or surface thereof. with' a' gassensr heat carrying medium. I r

3. The' method of making rubber articles 4which comprises forming the articleof un* vulcanized rubber stock, treating 'one portion or surface thereof With steam and another portion or surface thereof .with dry .heated air.

Y et. rlhe method of making hollow rubber articles which comprises forming the article treating the interior thereof With at vaporableiuidheat conveying medium, terior thereof v.with another fluid heat conv'eying medium of different. character.

6.. The method of mattinghol'low rubber articles'which comprises forming the article of unvulcanized rubber stock, treating 'the interior-thereof with a vaporable heat conl i/eying medium, an 'the' exterior thereof with a. dry fluid heat conveying medium.

and treating the' en` 6. .The method of making hollow rubber articles which comprises forming the article of unmilcanized rubber stock, initiating the interior thereof with a heated duid under pressure and -tre'ating the exterior there of Witha dry heated gas.

'Z'. The method of making hollow 'rubber articles which comprises forming the .valls thereof `of `unvulcanized ,rubberH stock, iniati-ng the same to prevent collapsing, forming la ccvering on the exterior thereof, introducing ltherein a heated iiuid'under 4pressure and submitting the exterior to a fluid ing a covering the exterior thereof, introducing steam1 therein,- and submitting the exterior to dry heated4 air. v i

l0. .The method of making fabric covered hollmv `rubber articlesl which comprises forming the inner Walls of unvulcanized rubber stock, inflating the same to prevent collapsing, covering the same with fabric., introducing therein a heat conveying me- .dium under pressure and at a vulcauizing temperature, and submitting the exterior thereof to fluid'heat conveying medium at a vulcamzmg temperature.

yroo

ist

l." The method of'inaliiniglfabric covered hollow articleswhich eornprisesforining the vinner Walls of unrnlcanized rubber stock,

iniat'ing4 the "same to prevent collapsing, covering the same With'endless abric,'ii1tro ducing therein .a'iheat conveying lmediuml under pressure and' at a vulcanizing temf,

' perature and submitting the exterior` thereof to a dry duid heat conveying medium at a vulcan-sizing temperature. v

12. The method of making fabric covered hollow articles Twhich comprises formingthe inner lWalls of unvulcanized rubber stock, i'niiating .the same .to prevent collapsing, covering "the lsame with a non-leipansible fabric, introducing therein-live-"steain under pressure and at av vulcanizing temperature,

and subxnittingthe exterior thereof to a dry 'iuid heat conveying medium at ai vulcanizing temperatur'e- Q f g 13. The method of making fabric covered hollow1 articles which comprises forming the inner Walls4 of unv'ulcanized rubber stock,

inflating the saine to prevent'coll'apsing, c 'oieringvl the. same with a, non-expansible fabric, introducing therein live steam under pressure=-and ata vulcanizing 'temperature fand submitting the exterior thereof to' a dry gas at a vulcanizing temperature.

14.- The method of making jacketed'rubber tubing which comprises forming a tube of unvulcanized rubber stock, covering the .same with fabric', introducing therein a heat conveyingmediurn under pressure andv at a 'vulcanizin'g teI-nperature,y and submitting Ithe exterior to av Huid heaticonveying medium at a vulcaniz'ing temperature.

15. VThe method Vof making jacketed rubber tubing which comprisesforining a tube of unvulcanized rubber stock, 'covering the same with fabric, introducing therein live ber, 1914.

vvsteam under pressureand submitting the eXterior'toa dry gasat a vulcanizing texnperature. 'A y l 16. The method of making jacketed rub- "ber tubing lWhich comprises forming a tube' the` exterior to a ,dry 'iiuid heat conveying medium at a -vulcan'izing temperature.'

18. The method of *making jacketed, rubber tubing which comprises Aforming a tubel ofunvulcanized rubber stock, infiating the saine lto prevent collapsing,'. braiding alfabric thereon, introducing therein live steam under pressure, and submittingl the exterior to a dry air at a vulcanizing temperature.

'Signed at .New York, county of New Ylork, State of New York, this 13th day ci? Octo- 4 HAR-RY'. G'. BLANCHARD. i/Vitnesses FRANCIS BOYLE,

EDW. W. VAILL. l Signed at Cleveland '.ounty of Cuyahoga State of Ohio this ninth day 'of @ctober 191i.

` FRANK DUESLER.

' lVitnesses:

A. W. Sricrfn, A. C. Foo'rr. 

